Supply Treated Lumber and Poles Essay Example for Free

Supply Treated Lumber and Poles Essay As instructed, we have provided one (1) original copy of the proposal. APT makes the following certifications and guarantees regarding this proposal: * APT will comply with all contract terms and conditions as indicated in this Solicitation. * APT proposal is predicated upon the Solicitation published on June 4, 2013; * APT certifies that the prices contained in this proposal have been arrived at independently, without consultation, communication, or agreement, as to any matter relating to such prices with any other bidder or with any competitor for the purpose of restricting competition; unless otherwise required by law, the prices quoted have not been knowingly disclosed by APT prior to award, directly or indirectly, to any other bidder or to any competitor. * As Sales Manager of APT, I am authorized by Power of Attorney to negotiate on behalf of APT and shall be responsible for the management of any potential contract that may result from this procurement process. As an officer of this company, my signature has authority to bind any contract that may result from negotiations with the National Guard Bureau concerning this proposal to furnish Treated Lumber and Poles of length and class indicated. I am responsible for the costs being offered in the proposal. 2. INTRODUCTION American Pole and Timber is a manufacturer and national supplier of treated poles, pilings, timbers, and industrial commercial structural wood products. We offer unique building material solutions to our clients through our materials sourcing expertise and our vast manufacturing capabilities. You can expect timely and accurate service, customized to your project needs and cost objectives. We supply Extended Life Wood Products including SFI and FSC Certified wood products, treated timbers, ISPM 15 heat treated wood, poles, pilings, treated lumber, timber trusses, wood bridges material, pipe supports, equipment saddles and gun barrel piling, as well as vinyl bulkhead and ultra-long lasting polymer coated wood. We are highly skilled at custom manufacturing and we can assist with the design of your project free of charge when you use our materials. We are grateful for the opportunity to submit our proposal to your purchase contract and we will show you why so many construction companies across the nation choose American Pole and Timber to supply their operations and projects. American Pole and Timber was founded on the core principles of hard work, responsiveness, integrity, and innovation. As a result, American Pole and Timber has become one of the industry’s most reliable resources for all classes and sizes of wood poles, lumber, piling, and crane mats. American Pole and Timber supplies almost any size post, wood poles, or piling you would require, anywhere across the nation. Most of our supply is Southern Yellow Pine and Douglass fir because of it excellent properties of strength versus cost and its acceptance of various levels of treatments to meet your project requirements. Our Product Consultants are happy to answer any questions you may have about treated poles and lumber. 3. TECHNICAL APPROACH American Pole and Timber lumber and wood poles come treated or untreated and wet or air dried. They are used in applications ranging from utility poles, to house pilings and columns, to retaining wall pilings, and ropes and challenge courses. You can also take advantage of our custom manufacturing services to get exactly the length, cut, or shape you need. We can supply almost any size or class of treated poles or treated pilings you need. All of our poles and pilings treated .60 p.cf. or greater are air dried before treating to ensure maximum penetration of the preservative. We also specialize in pressure treated lumber products, which can be manufactured to the custom sizes to meet your project requirements. We guarantee our products will be to your specifications and in accordance with national and local regulations. 4.1. Benefits of Building with APT Treated Poles and Lumber * APT Treated Poles and lumber have long life spans due to reduced heartwood exposure. * They can be sanded, stained, or painted to match existing dà ©cor. * APT Treated poles and lumber are stronger and suffer less warping than regular dimensional timbers. * Long life span and superior strength make APT treated poles and timbers very cost effective. * Polymer wood coating significantly increases the longevity APT poles and timber. 4.2. Capabilities as Industry Leader American Pole and Timber’s approach is to analyze the Customer’s needs, stay atop industry trends and standards, and provide competitive advantages, ongoing innovation and reliable resources necessary to exceed the demands. This has helped American Pole and Timber become an industry leader and a reliable resource for: * Cross Arms * Wooden Utility Poles * Douglas Fir Poles * Piling * Treated Fence Posts * Pentachlorophenol, Creosote, ACZA And CCA Treated Products * Treated Wood Cross Ties * Western Cedar Poles American Pole and Timber provides varying degrees of pressure treatment designed to delay the decaying process and ensure pole longevity. This process will be used in this contract. American Pole and Timber sells  pressure treated utility poles and lumber for a variety of applications including piers, docks and other marine construction as well as complex foundation systems and landscaping substructures. APT is a high-quality utility pole and lumber manufacturer, supplier and producer we use both Douglas fir and Cedar Wood, identified as one of the leading renewable wood resources. APT has facilities strategically located near the Klamath and California Coast ranges where we own an abundance of Douglas fir and Cedar wood plantations, and will thus be able to supply the pole and lumber material specified in the solicitation. 4.3. Wood Treatment Recommendations Timber structures in a marine environment are subject to attack by a variety of destructive organisms. Thus, they should be properly treated with appropriate preservatives to prevent or retard this type of deterioration. The timber APT is offering as part of this proposal will be pressure treated with an appropriate preservative. The choice of preservative depends on how the timber product is to be used (pile, cap, stringer, decking, etc.) and what kind of climate exists where the installation is to be made (cold, temperate, semitropical, tropical). Thus, the requirements are greatest in warm water harbors where Limnoria tripunctata and pholads are present. Pacific Coast Douglas fir has less sapwood than Southern pine so that retention measurement of preservative is generally made in the outer 2 inches for fir as compared to the outer 3 inches for pine. APT is thus offering treated Douglas fir poles and lumber, which are best suited for the intended application and would be a signifi cant upgrade in quality over standard competitor offerings. APT follows the AWPA standards and Federal specifications for treatment which indicate the required retention level of the various wood preservatives. Wood piling should be treated according to their particular purposes, and this being a cold water marine application, APT will use pressure treatment using a preservative specified by AWPA standards and Federal specifications. Creosote, creosote-coal tar solutions, or creosote-petroleum solutions are effective preservatives, but present a possible contamination problem from being tracked onto vessels. Salt treatments are effective, but may embrittle or promote accelerated wear of the deck surface. Solutions of pentachlorophenol in oil are effective, but  they also may cause a pollution problem. Treatment with Chromated Copper Arsenate should provide protection without the contamination problems, especially when a clean surface is specified in the procurement, as it is in this case. APT will thus offer Chromated Copper Arsenate pressure treatment on the supplied Douglas fir poles and lumber, another significant upgrade in quality over standard competitor offerings. 4.4. Delivery and Distribution APT uses a Just in Time (JIT) inventory and delivery system. Benefits include: * Poles are Where you need them, When you need them. * Over 30-year track record of on-time shipments. * No need to carry large inventories. APT has a regional distribution network. Benefits and features include: * Expedited, timely delivery across town or across country * Minimal freight costs. * Keeps product pricing competitive. * Rail Capability. * Self-Unloading Trucks. APT has several years of experience in Rapid Disaster Response: * Proven capabilities in disaster situations. * Alliances ensure sufficient supply and quick response. * Ability to boost manufacturing capabilities to meet immediate needs. * Emergency Operations Plan in place for APT headquarters. 4.5. MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) 4. PAST PERFORMANCE REFERENCES American Pole and Timber has been a supplier for several large and small projects in the past that include, but are not limited to the following. * Marine Shoreline: Coastal and waterway projects from bulkheads, fender systems, and retaining walls to beach houses and marinas. * Industrial Production: Support Saddles, Trusses, Columns, Corbels, Timber Fender Systems. * Commercial: Restaurants, Golf Courses, Bridges, Theme Parks and Water Parks. Since the solicitation is for a marine environment, APT is providing a list below of (3) past references of marine projects that APT has been a supplier on. 1. Residential and commercial ocean front properties on the west end of Galveston Island. 5. RESUMES FOR KEY STAFF Xxx xxxSales ManagerAmerican Pole and Timber7100 Baker DriveTitusville, NM, 87312Ph: 800-716-0636Core Competencies and Skills * Familiarity with all aspects of supplier relationship management. * Ability to cope with dynamic market conditions and develop sales strategy accordingly. * Ability to work in high-stress environments and to make complex decisions regarding pricing. * Extensive knowledge of sales and marketing  strategies. * Excellent written and verbal communication skills including formal presentation skills. * Persuasiveness, Adaptability Innovation. * Judgment and Decision-making. * Collaboration.EducationKeller University Chicago, IL 1990 – 1993Master of Business Administration/MBA in sales and marketingBoston University Boston, MA 1988– 1989Bachelor’s degree in business administration/sales and marketingExperience20 years of experience in Sales Management.American Pole and Timber, Titusville, NM (1999 – Present)Senior Sales ManagerReport directly to the Vice-President regarding annual sales growth. Organize and manage the sales team to achieve the required sales targets.Thomasson Company, Philadelphia, MS (1994 – 1999)Sales ManagerManaging and training a hardworking, results-oriented sales force. Helping with several management functions to support sales functions.| Madeline MercadoMaterial Planning and Control SpecialistAmerican Pole and Timber7100 Baker DriveTitusville, NM, 87312Ph: 800-716-0639Core Competencies and Skills Proven ability to prepare reports, review bills of materials, oversee make/buy decisions, read drawings, perform materials and inventory control as well as monitor supply chain. Working knowledge and or proficiency in the following: * MRP * JIT * ISO9000 * ISO14001 †¢ CostPoint project management software package by Deltek * Microsoft Office including Word, Excel, PowerPoint * Financial Reports * Secret Clearance EducationCentral Florida University Orlando, FL 1995– 1999Bachelor’s degree in Accounting. Experience14 years of experience in Material Planning and Control.American Pole and Timber, Titusville, NM (2003 – Present)Material Planning and Control Specialist Monitored all production and inventory, scheduled assignments, prepared reports and communicated with management, technical staff and customers regarding potential problems, schedules and production status. Luna Flooring Inc, Oakland, California (1999 – 2002)Associate BuyerProvided direct support to sales with regard to sourcing activities. Managed ETA accuracy consistent with departmental  metrics. Ensured timely delivery of merchandise through consistent communication.| Jeff CarlsonQuality Control InspectorAmerican Pole and Timber7100 Baker DriveTitusville, NM, 87312Ph: 800-716-0654Core Competencies and Skills Over 30 of experience in the lumber industry with skills including but not limited to: * Overseeing and ensuring quality, %Mc etc of lumber products * Schedule species, thicknesses, grades to be sawn. * Schedule, set sorts, grade marks, package size for Dryline breakdown * Oversee quality of lumber. Grades, thickness, manufacture of all lumber produced. * Work with Safety Personal to provide training to ensure a safe work environment. * Provide training for lumber inspectors, quality assurance initiatives and supervisory. * QC Certification by National Hardwood Lumber Association.EducationNHLA Inspector Training School Chicago, IL 1975– 1977AA degree in QA/QC Inspection.Experience30 years of experience in Lumber Industry.American Pole and Timber, Titusville, NM (2003 – Present)Lead QA InspectorResponsible for QA inspection and certification of all lumber products shipped to customers. Responsible for updating and improving QA standards and training of QA inspectors. BB Lumber Co. / Premier Hardwood Products (1991 – 2001)Lumber Operations ManagerOversee all phases of lumber operation.Oversee Inventory Traffic and Maintenance Departments| 6. COST / PRICING Based on the requirements listed in the solicitation, APT is pleased to offer you the following price quotation. Description| Size| Qty Rqd| Price| Unit| Total| Treated Lumber| 2X2X12 | 10| $410| Ea| $4,100| Treated Lumber| 4X4X16| 20| $500| Ea| $10,000| Treated Lumber| 6X6X16| 20| $600| Ea| $12,000| Treated Pole| 8X16 | 10| $250| Ea| $2,500| Treated Pole| 10X16 | 10| $300| Ea| $3,000| Treated Pole| 12X16 | 20| $400| Ea| $8,000| | | | TOTAL| $39,600| We thank you for this opportunity and look forward to working with the National Guard Bureau. REFERENCES 1. www.fbo.gov 2.â€Å"World Class Contracting – 5th Edition† by Gregory A. Garrett. 3.http://www.americanpoleandtimber.com/ 4.http://www.thomassoncompany.com/about_thomasson.php 5.www.greatsampleresume.com

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Dr. Goodall is a well-known British primatologist who has discovered a substantial amount about primates in her many years of research. She has written numerous books, including one that we will be going into depth about called, â€Å"Through a Window.† Her book contains personal experiences, research findings, and even pictures to help the readers visualize her scientific breaking moments from her thirty years with the chimpanzees of Gombe. She states that there is are minor differences, and several similarities between humans and the chimpanzees. We will discuss these differences and similarities through their social behavior, intellectual ability, and emotions. To conclude, examine Goodall’s research to adopt what her findings can tell us about our early ancestors, and whether or not her study coincided to the steps of scientific methodology. To start, research shows that there are a striking number of similarities between humans and chimpanzees in context to their social behavior. Next, we will see comparisons between humans and chimpanzees through their intellectual abilities. ...

The Rise of Autism

â€Å"In February 2007 the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention revised the prevalence figures for ASD to one in every 150 individuals† (Richard, 2008, p. 26). There are many theories for this increased incidence. One factor discussed is the ability to finally fully diagnose the disorder. Since the increased awareness of autism, scientists have been busy researching and modifying the diagnostic criteria for autism. Correctly diagnosing is a very important step in helping children improve skills that are affected by autism. The other factors discussed are the general developmental disorders that take place during early childhood. There are many possible factors, such as vaccinations and genetics, that have led to the rise of autism and because of this rise funding for autism research has increased tremendously, as has the cost of treatments. Autism used to be a low incidence disorder now it is one of the fastest growing developmental disabilities in the United States. There is still not one explanation for this sudden change in history, but scientists are getting closer and closer to the answer everyday. Since scientists have discovered a diagnosis for autism, they have been able to better understand autism and the possible causes for its existence. Proper diagnosis has been a huge factor in the rise of autism, but that still doesn’t mean the cause of autism is not important. There is a reason for this rise and finding the cause is the only way scientists are going to be able to prevent this increased incidence from growing in the future. One possible factor that scientists are researching is environmental toxins. Evironmental toxins have been a long suspect for the cause of autism. There are many ways that children can be exposed to these toxins. Children could be exposed even before birth, during excessive ultrasounds and even electronic devices. One scientist conducted a study on the drug terbutaline, a drug used to stop pre-term labor in pregnant woman. He found a direct correlation in the continued use of terbutaline and the increased likelihood of autism among twins (Patel & Curtis, 2008, p. 83). This is just one study that has been proven to show a link between environmental toxins and autism. Mercury is another issue that has been researched. Mercury has been put in the air through coal-fired power plants, as well in vaccines. Mercury and other chemicals have been shown to alter the normal development of the brain during fetal development in the womb and during early childhood development (Kirby, 2005). Findings have indicated that many children have a metabolic impairment that reduces their ability to rid their bodies of heavy metals and other toxins (Wallis, 2008). This suggests that there is some link between the two, environmental toxins and autism, even if toxins are not the sole cause of the disorder. Another possible factor is nutritional problems among autistic children. Autistic children have significantly low levels of nutrients in the hair, blood and other tissues. Along with the lack of nutrients, they usually have low levels of magnesium, zinc, selenium, vitamins A, B-complex, D and E, omega-3 fatty acids, and carnitine (Patel & Curtis, 2008, p. 82). Therefore, this proves that nutritional deficiencies is a common problem among autistic children and may link scientists to a possible cause. Another issue scientists have found in autistic children deals with the allergies towards gluten and casein. Gluten is a protein found in wheat and other grains and casein is a protein found in dairy products. Scientists have found that children who have allergies to gluten and casein experience odd behaviors. If an autistic child would eat either of these two substances it would send them into hours of disturbing behaviors (Simontacchi, 2008, p. 10). Scientists have found because of this study that children that are a gluten-free and casein-free diet, they do not experience as many tantrum behaviors. This also helps support the fact that nutritional problems can cause autism. The last possible factor discussed is the possibility of genetics and its connection to autism. Most scientists believe that genetics is one of the major causes for autism. There are many findings that have led scientists to believe this is true and one of these is simply because this disorder has been known to run in families. Studies have shown that if one child is autistic, his or her sibling has a three to six percent chance of being autistic as well. Identical twins have a much greater probability of being autistic than fraternal twins (Merriman, 2008, p. 8). This is more than enough evidence to show that there is a connection between genetics and autism. Scientists have also discovered a variety of genes that have showed signs that link to autism. Scientists are still not positive which gene has more of a connection with autism, but they definitely have found a relation between the two. One of the areas that researchers in the Autism Consortium have identified is the 25-gene area on chromosome 16 that when duplicated or deleted could account for a small percentage of autism cases (Merriman, 2008, p. 18). Scientists have uncovered a lot of new evidence to support the connection between autism and genetics. The rise in autism has increased funds for autism research tremendously. Since scientists have been able to fully diagnose autism, government involvement has grown immensely. There have been many new foundations introduced to help research for autism. One of the many include The Autism Research Foundation, which is a nonprofit, tax-exempt organization dedicated to researching the neurological underpinnings of autism and other related developmental brain disorders (Chmura, 2008). The Autism Research Foundation has a big impact on the future for autism research. A recent news release in April 2008 stated that, â€Å"The FY08 Defense Appropriations Act provides $6. 4 million for the Department of Defense Autism Research Program to improve the lives of individuals living with autism spectrum disorder now† (Chmura, 2008). This contribution has been an enormous help in the funding for autism research. The rise of autism has also caused an increase in cost for the families of the autistic children. Families of the autistic child spend thousands of dollars on treatment. Most of this money families spend is just trying to find the right treatment for their child because not all treatments work for the same for every child. New technology has also been a factor in the increased cost for autism treatments. Not only is the cost of the treatments expensive so is the cost of screening and diagnosis. Many groups have started grant programs to assist those families with an autistic child who are in financial crisis. One of these grants is brought by the National Autism Association. Families who live in the United States with a child, no older than age eighteen, on the autism spectrum may qualify for the grant. The maximum dollar amount one can request is $1,500. This money is to only be used for biomedical treatments, supplements or therapies for the child (â€Å"CDC study†, 2007, p. 6). These grant programs will be a huge help for families who are struggling to pay for these expensive treatments and screening tests. Scientists are still in the process of finding the exact cause of autism. One day scientists may finally be able to find a cure and put an end to this rise of autism children. Knowledge of autism has come a long way since the first diagnosis of autism and hopefully that trend continues into the future. Diagnosis has been a very important part in helping autistic children improve their skills as well as helping scientists better understand autism altogether. Now scientists have a lead in the possible factors like environmental toxins, nutrition, and genetics. Once the pieces are put together, scientists will finally be able to control and hopefully put an end to the rise of autism among children in the United States. Reference http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1821595,00.html

Teen Suicide and Bullying

Bullying is a worldwide problem that can be linked to teen suicide. The third leading cause of death in youth is suicide, which results in nearly 4,400 deaths per year (Centers for Disease Control, 2012). At least half of these deaths are caused by bullying. Although bullying is still seen by many to be a normal part of growing up, it is a severe problem that leads to many negative effects, including suicide. Unfortunately, there is not a definitive solution to this problem.However, there are multiple ways to help teens who are contemplating suicide due to bullying: seeking immediate medical help, encouraging teens to talk, parents keeping communication open, and by parents communicating with school authorities. Bullying is a form of abuse that is displayed toward the victim which forms an unhealthy relationship. This relationship consists of the bully having continual control of the victim’s life for an extended period of time. It gives the bully a sense of empowerment that t hey continue to feed off of.This is much different from school aged aggression that typically has a one-time occurrence, such as fighting or teasing between friends. Conversely, bullying can lead to suicide. Bully related suicide can be connected to any type of bullying, whether it is physical bullying, emotional bullying, cyber bullying, sexting, or even the circulating of suggestive photos of a person. Sadly, over 14 percent of high school students have considered suicide and almost seven percent have actually attempted it. The power obtained by the bully over the victim can be devastating and can lead to many negative effects.Bullying can lead to poor mental health such as depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. Nearly 160,000 children stay home from school every day due to fear of torment by other students. This causes the students grades to drop and adds to the victim’s sense of failure. These effects can become so debilitating that the victim may turn to suicide as their way of ending the internal pain. Emotional pain felt by the victim can become so overwhelming that they believe the only way out is through suicide. They may feel as if no one cares or that it would be pointless to reach out to someone because it might even make things worse.Sadly, many times victims feel that they are alone and no one could possibly understand what they are going through. In the case of Amanda Todd, she was bullied and ridiculed at school and online to the point where she felt she could no longer live. Unfortunately, she experienced verbal, physical, and emotional pain at the hands of her peers including people she believed liked her. She was tortured on a daily basis and felt there was no way out. Amanda changed schools as an attempt to end the torment. Unfortunately, as in many cases, the bullying followed her.Amanda attempted suicide on a couple of occasions. She tried reaching out by posting a video on YouTube telling her story. Sadly, a week later she co mmitted suicide. Amanda Todd was a victim to one of the cruelest forms of abuse that is happening today all over the world. Could her suicide have been prevented? According to reports, many of Amanda’s peers did not notice any signs of this struggle. However, she cried out for help not only through her video posted on the internet, but well before that by her multiple attempts of suicide.It may have been possible to save her life if there were more awareness brought to her community on bullying and suicide. If people knew what signs to look for and would have noticed the red flags just from sheer knowledge, Amanda Todd may have received the help she wanted and so badly needed. Although there is no definitive solution to the problem of teen suicide from bullying, there are several ways to prevent a majority of this from happening. One extremely important way to help a teen who is suicidal is to immediately seek medical attention.Doctors and medical professionals are able to fi nd problems that others cannot see. They provide hope for teens contemplating ending their lives. Medical professionals are able to diagnose underlying conditions that are typically found in youth who are at risk for suicidal tendencies. Most mental health disorders, such as depression, can be treated. Not only can these professionals diagnose and treat illnesses but they can also provide teens and parents with resources and useful information. Another great way to prevent teen suicide is to encourage them to talk.Suppressing thoughts and feelings, typically makes things worse. Therefore, getting teens to open up and talk is a great way for them to relieve their burdened hearts. Having them verbalize their thoughts and feelings helps them and others to have a better understanding of what they are going through. Likewise, when a teen is being bullied it is important that they express how they have been hurt. It creates an awareness of the problem which can lead to finding a solution. Sometimes, when a teen is thinking about suicide, what they really want is someone to listen to them.They just want to know that they are not alone. One of the best things a parent can do is keep the lines of communication open with their children. It becomes increasingly important throughout the teen years as they experience many changes such as emotional, physical and hormonal. Communication between parent and child is crucial for the child to feel comfortable opening up to them and discussing any problem they may be having. Being involved allows this team to identify the existence of bullying and suicidal thoughts along with other problems.Connor and Rueter (2006) found that a warm and supportive relationship, especially with the father, shielded a teen from emotional distress and suicidal tendencies. Most importantly, communication and openness can be a deterrent to suicide. When a teen communicates that they are being bullied it is helpful for parents to discuss it with school authorities stop existing problems. This is another way to help prevent teen suicide due to bullying. Since a majority of bullying takes place on or near school campuses, it is the school’s responsibility along with the parents to take action in addressing situations as such.School authorities can help monitor a teen that is in distress and offer great resources to help solve the issues they may facing. By parents communicating with the teen’s school, they can share their ideas and find what works best for the community and their students to stop bullying and prevent teen suicide. Bullying is a major problem happening to teens all over the world. Although there is not a definitive solution to bullying and the connection to teen suicide, there are many preventive measures that can be taken. Seeking immediate medical help for teens who want to commit suicide can be life changing.Encouraging teens to talk will allow them to express their thoughts and feelings instead of internalizing them. Likewise, parents can help prevent teen suicide by keeping the lines of communication open. It lets teens take comfort in knowing they have someone to talk to. When bullying and thoughts of suicide become a part of a teen’s life, it is important that the parent speaks to school authorities. This enables the school and parents to team up against the problems. Anyone can play a part in saving a life by working together to prevent teen suicide from bullying.

Periodic Table With Common Ionic Charges

Periodic Table With Common Ionic Charges The most-requested printable periodic table has been one for element charges, to predict compounds and chemical reactions. Now, you can use periodic table trends to predict the most common element charges. Group I (alkali metals) carry a 1 charge, Group II (alkaline earths) carry a 2, Group VII (halogens) carry -1, and Group VIII (noble gases) carry a 0 charge. Metal ions may have other charges or oxidation states. For example, copper usually has a 1 or 2 valence, while iron typically has a 2 or 3 oxidation state. The rare earths often carry many different ionic charges. One of the reasons you dont normally see a table with charges is because the organization of the table offers a clue to common charges, plus elements can have just about any charge given enough energy and the right conditions. Even so, heres a table of element charges for readers seeking the most common ionic charges of element atoms. Just keep in mind elements may carry other charges. For example, hydrogen can carry -1 in addition to 1. The octet rule doesnt always apply to ionic charges. In some cases, the charge can exceed 8 or -8! Ive got a  huge collection of printable periodic tables, which include all 118 elements. If you dont find what you need, just let me know and Ill have it made for you!

Astronaut Neil Armstrong Biography

Astronaut Neil Armstrong Biography On July 20, 1969, one of the most momentous actions of all time took place not on Earth but on another world. Astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped out of the lunar lander Eagle, descended a ladder, and set foot on the surface of the Moon. Then, he spoke the most famous words of the 20th Century: Its one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind. His action  was the culmination of years of research and development, success and failure, all sustained by both the U.S. and then-Soviet Union in the race to the Moon. Fast Facts: Neil Alden Armstrong Birth: August 5, 1930Death: August 25, 2012Parents: Stephen Koenig Armstrong and Viola Louise EngleSpouse: Married twice, once to Janet Armstrong, then to Carol Held Knight, 1994Children: Karen Armstrong, Eric Armstrong, Mark ArmstrongEducation: Purdue University, Masters Degree from USC.Main Accomplishments: Navy test pilot, NASA astronaut for Gemini missions and Apollo 11, which he commanded. The first person to set foot on the Moon. Early Life Neil Armstrong was born August 5, 1930, on a farm in Wapakoneta, Ohio. His parents, Stephen K. Armstrong and Viola Engel, raised him in a series of towns in Ohio while his father worked as a state auditor. As a youth, Neil held many jobs, but none more exciting than one at the local airport. After starting flying lessons at the age of 15, he got his pilots license on his 16th birthday, before he had even earned a drivers license. After his high school years at Blume High School in Wapakonetica, Armstrong decided to pursue a degree in aeronautical engineering from Purdue University before committing to serving in the Navy.   In 1949, Armstrong was called to Pensacola Naval Air Station before he could complete his degree. There he earned his wings at the age of 20, the youngest pilot in his squadron. He flew 78 combat mission in Korea, earning three medals, including the Korean Service Medal. Armstrong was sent home before the conclusion of the war and finished his bachelors degree in 1955. Testing New Boundaries After college, Armstrong decided to try his hand as a test pilot. He applied to  National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) - the agency that preceded NASA - as a test pilot, but was turned down. So, he took a post at Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory in Cleveland, Ohio. However, it was less than a year before Armstrong transferred to Edwards Air Force Base (AFB) in California to work at NACAs High Speed Flight Station. During his tenure at Edwards Armstrong conducted test flights of more than 50 types of experimental aircraft, logging 2,450 hours of flight time. Among his accomplishments in these aircraft, Armstrong was able to achieve speeds of Mach 5.74 (4,000 mph or 6,615 km/h) and an altitude of 63,198 meters (207,500 feet), but in the X-15 aircraft. Armstrong had a technical efficiency in his flying that was the envy of most of his colleagues. However, he was criticized by some of the non-engineering pilots, including Chuck Yeager and Pete Knight, who observed that his technique was too mechanical. They argued that flying was, at least in part, feel, that it was something that didnt come naturally to the engineers. This sometimes got them into trouble. Neil Armstrong was a test pilot before coming to NASA. This shows him at the Dryden Research center in 1960 after he became a NASA research test pilot. He flew missions in the first X-15 rocket plane. NASA   While Armstrong was a comparatively successful test pilot, he was involved in several aerial incidents that didnt work out so well. One of the most famous occurred when he was sent in an F-104 to investigate Delamar Lake as a potential emergency landing site. After an unsuccessful landing damaged the radio and hydraulic system, Armstrong headed toward Nellis Air Force Base. When he tried to land, the tail hook of the plane lowered due to the damaged hydraulic system and caught the arresting wire on the airfield. The plane slid out of control down the runway, dragging the anchor chain along with it. The problems didnt end there. Pilot Milt Thompson was dispatched in an F-104B to retrieve Armstrong. However, Milt had never flown that aircraft and ended up blowing one of the tires during a hard landing. The runway was then closed for the second time that day to clear the landing path of debris. A third aircraft was sent to Nellis, piloted by Bill Dana. But Bill almost landed his T-33 Shooting Star long, prompting Nellis to send the pilots back to Edwards using ground transportation. Crossing Into Space In 1957, Armstrong was selected for the Man In Space Soonest (MISS) program. Then in September 1963, he was selected as the first American civilian to fly in space.   Three years later, Armstrong was the command pilot for the Gemini 8 mission, which launched March 16. Armstrong and his crew performed the first-ever docking with another spacecraft, an unmanned Agena target vehicle. After 6.5 hours in orbit they were able to dock with the craft, but due to complications, they were unable to complete what would have been the third-ever extra-vehicular activity, now referred to as a spacewalk. Armstrong also served as the CAPCOM, who is typically the only person who to communicate directly with the astronauts during missions to space. He did this for the Gemini 11 mission. However, it was not until the Apollo program began that Armstrong again ventured into space. The Apollo Program Armstrong  was  commander of the backup crew of the Apollo 8 mission, though he had been originally scheduled to back-up the Apollo 9 mission. (Had he remained as the  backup commander, he would have been slated to command Apollo 12, not  Apollo 11.) Initially, Buzz Aldrin, the  Lunar Module Pilot, was to be the first to  set foot on the Moon. However, because of the positions of the astronauts in the module, it would require Aldrin to physically crawl over Armstrong to reach the hatch. As such, it was decided that it would be easier for Armstrong to exit the module first upon landing. Apollo 11 touched down on the surface of the Moon on July 20, 1969, at which point Armstrong declared, Houston, Tranquility Base here. The Eagle has landed. Apparently, Armstrong had only seconds of fuel left before the thrusters would cut out. If that had happened, the lander would have plummeted to the surface. That didnt happen, much to everyones relief. Armstrong and Aldrin exchanged congratulations before quickly preparing the lander to launch off the surface in case of an emergency. Humanitys Greatest Achievement On July 20, 1969, Armstrong made his way down the ladder from the Lunar Lander and, upon reaching the bottom declared Im going to step off the LEM now. As his left boot made contact with the surface he then spoke the words that defined a generation, Thats one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind. This grainy, black-and-white image taken on the Moon shows Neil Armstrong about to step off the Eagle lander and onto the surface of the Moon for the first time. NASA   About 15 minutes after exiting the module, Aldrin joined him on the surface and they began investigating the lunar surface. They planted the American flag, collected rock samples, took images and video, and transmitted their impressions back to Earth. The final task carried out by Armstrong was to leave behind a package of memorial items in remembrance of deceased Soviet cosmonauts  Yuri Gagarin  and Vladimir Komarov, and  Apollo 1  astronauts Gus Grissom, Ed White and  Roger Chaffee. All told, Armstrong and Aldrin spent 2.5 hours on the lunar surface, paving the way for other Apollo missions. The astronauts then returned to Earth, splashing down in the Pacific Ocean on July 24, 1969. Armstrong was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest honor bestowed upon civilians, as well as a host of other medals from NASA and other countries. Life After Space Astronaut Neil Armstrong at the Legends of Aerospace event at the Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum on March 14, 2010, in NYC. Neilson Barnard/Getty Images for Intrepid Sea, Air, and Space Museum.  Ã‚   After his Moon trip, Neil Armstrong completed a masters degree in aerospace engineering at the University of Southern California and worked  as an administrator with NASA and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). He next turned his attention to education and accepted a teaching position at the University of Cincinnati with the Department of Aerospace Engineering. He held this appointment until 1979. Armstrong also served on two investigation panels. The first was after the  Apollo 13  incident, while the second came after the  Challenger explosion. Armstrong lived much of his life after NASA life outside the public eye, and  worked in private industry and consulted for NASA until his retirement. He made occasional public appearances until shortly before his death on August 25, 2012. His ashes were buried at sea in the Atlantic Ocean the following month.  His words and deeds live on in the annals of space exploration, and he was widely admired by space explorers and space enthusiasts around the world. Sources Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. â€Å"Neil Armstrong.†Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, Inc., 1 Aug. 2018, www.britannica.com/biography/Neil-Armstrong.Chaikin, Andrew.A Man on the Moon. Time-Life, 1999.Dunbar, Brian. â€Å"Biography of Neil Armstrong.†NASA, NASA, 10 Mar. 2015, www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/about/bios/neilabio.html.Wilford, John Noble. â€Å"Neil Armstrong, First Man on the Moon, Dies at 82.†The New York Times, The New York Times, 25 Aug. 2012, www.nytimes.com/2012/08/26/science/space/neil-armstrong-dies-first-man-on-moon.html. Edited by Carolyn Collins Petersen.

Asphalt superpave Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Asphalt superpave - Assignment Example 5. Calculate averages and standard deviations using data from all samples of the same mix design. Compare average results from different design mixes. Do the samples fall within PennDOT’s acceptance criteria? The laboratory experiment was successful since the results showed that the samples prepared had compacted air voids of between 3% and 8%. For C, the percent covered by air voids was 3.22% while for D the percent was 2.95%. This range prevents the possibility of the voids becoming interconnected thereby reducing the susceptibility of the pavement undergoing permeation by air and moisture. The percent of water absorbed for both specimen C and D was less than 3 percent consequently there was no need for paraffin-coated. The samples fall within PennDOT’s acceptance criteria because they have percent of air voids around 4% and 96% compaction. However, C proves to be the best sample since its values for percent air voids (3.22) and compaction (96.78%) are closer to PennDOT’s acceptance criteria. This means that design mixes C and D are suitable for asphalt pavement since they give assurance on the required degree of compaction and percent air voids in compacted bituminous